Table 4

Meta-Analysis: Study Characteristics and Distribution of Moderator Variables

_________________________________________________________________________________________

Citation

Randm. Assgnmnt.

Therapy

Meds

N

Chronicity

Context

Diagnostic Criteria

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1. Alanen (1985)

no

Dyn.

+

14

unknown

in/out

O

2. Alanen (1994)

no

Dyn.

+

65

acute

in/out

M

3. Bookhammer (1966)

yes

Dyn.

-

51

acute

in

I.A.

4. Buchkremer (1997)

yes

CBT

+

124

chronic

out

DSM-III-R

5. Bullard (1960)

yes

Dyn.

+

46

chronic

out

I.A.

6. Carpenter (1977)

no

Dyn.

+/-

122

acute

in

DSM-III

7. Coursey (1995)

unknown

Dyn.

-

90

chronic

out

U

8. Falloon (1985)

yes

Sup.

+

36

chronic

out

DSM-III

9. Fowler (1989)

unknown

CBT

+

5

unknown

out

U

10. Garety (1994)

no

CBT

+

20

chronic

in/out

U

11. Glass (1989)

yes

Dyn./Sup.

+

164

acute/chr.

in/out

M

12. Gottlieb (1951)

unknown

Dyn.

-

336

acute/chr.

in/out

I.A.

13. Grinspoon (1968)

yes

Dyn.

+

19

chronic

in

U

14. Gunderson (1984)

yes

Dyn./Sup.

+

164

acute/chr.

in/out

M

15. Hamill (1975)

yes

Dyn.

+

33

unknown

in

O

16. Hogarty (1974)

yes

Sup.

+/-

374

unknown

out

U

17. Hogarty (1979)

yes

Sup.

+

105

chronic

out

I.A.

18. Hogarty (1997)

yes

Sup.

+

101

chronic

out

RDC

19. Karon (1981)

yes

Dyn.

+/-

36

unknown

in

U

20. Levene (1970)

unknown

Dyn.

+

31

unknown

out

O

21. Linszen (1998)

yes

Sup.

+

76

acute

out

DSM-III

22. Marks (1968)

no

Dyn./Beh.

+

31

chronic

in

U

23. Mathews (1977)

unknown

Dyn.

+

36

acute/chr.

out

I.A.

24. May (1968)

yes

Dyn.

+/-

138

acute

in

I.A.

25. May (1981)

yes

Dyn.

+/-

138

acute

in

I.A.

26. McGlashan (1984)

no

Dyn.

-

163

chronic

in

M

27. Messier (1969)

yes

Dyn.

+/-

41

chronic

in

I.A.

28. O'Brien (1972)

yes

Dyn.

-

14

unknown

out

O

29. Rubins (1976)

no

Dyn.

+

42

acute

out

I.A.

30. Sjöström (1985)

no

Dyn.

+

26

acute/chr.

in/out

RDC

31. Stone (1986)

no

Dyn.

-

72

unknown

in

DSM-III

32. Sverre (1991)

unknown

Dyn.

+

27

chronic

in

DSM-III

33. Tarrier (1993)

yes

CBT

+

27

chronic

out

DSM-III-R

34. Tarrier (1998)

yes

CBT&Sup.

+

84

chronic

out

DSM-III-R

35. Walker (1960)

unknown

Dyn.

+

82

unknown

in

I.A.

36. Whitehorn (1954)

no

Dyn.

-

100

unknown

in

U

37. Whitehorn (1957)

no

Dyn.

-

109

unknown

in

U

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Notes: Diagnostic Criteria: I.A. = Interviewer Agreement; RDC = Research Diagnostic Criteria (1975); O = other;

U = unknown; M = multiple criteria + DSM or RDC. Meds. = Medications; N = Sample size; Medications: + = medication used; - = no medication used; +/- = medication used with some participants, but not all. Dyn. = Psychodynamic; CBT. = Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy; Beh. = Behavior Therapy; Sup. = Non-psychodynamic supportive therapy.